If any of the following are present or suspected, please refer the patient to the emergency department (via ambulance if necessary) or seek emergent medical advice if in a remote region.
- Suspected strangulated/incarcerated or obstruction of any hernia
- Acute, severe abdominal pain with or without associated sepsis
- New onset of obstructive jaundice
- Acute painful perianal conditions
- Acute cholecystitis
- Gallstones with symptoms of cholangitis
- Acute pancreatitis
- Bowel obstruction
- Severe per rectum bleeding
- Acute abscess at any site
- Acute testicular pain